Testosterone Depo-Testosterone, Xyosted, And Others: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing
Testosterone (Depo-Testosterone, Xyosted, and others) – Uses, Side Effects, and More
Testosterone therapy is prescribed for a variety of medical conditions that arise from low levels of the hormone in men and, less commonly, women. Products such as Depo‑Testosterone and Xyosted deliver synthetic testosterone to restore normal physiological functions. Below you will find a comprehensive guide covering indications, mechanisms, dosing options, storage guidelines, potential side effects, warnings, drug interactions, what to do in case of overdose or missed doses, and additional resources.
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Uses
What is testosterone used for?
Hypogonadism: Treatment of primary or secondary low testosterone levels caused by testicular failure, pituitary disorders, or other endocrine issues.
Delayed puberty in males: Induction of sexual development when natural hormone production is insufficient.
Gender‑affirming hormone therapy: Administration to transgender men to promote masculinization and reduce gender dysphoria.
Andropause management: Symptom relief for age‑related decline such as fatigue, decreased libido, and mood disturbances (use varies by jurisdiction).
Certain anemia cases: In some patients, testosterone can stimulate red blood cell production when other treatments are ineffective.
How does testosterone work (mechanism of action)?
Testosterone binds to androgen receptors in target tissues—muscle, bone, brain, liver, and skin. Once bound, it modulates gene transcription, leading to:
Protein synthesis: Enhances muscle mass and strength.
Bone mineralization: Increases density and reduces fracture risk.
Neurotransmitter regulation: Influences mood, cognition, and sexual function.
Erythropoiesis: Stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow.
The hormone’s effects are dose‑dependent; higher concentrations produce stronger anabolic signals but also increase the likelihood of adverse reactions.
How is testosterone supplied (dosage forms)?
Form Typical Use Administration
Intramuscular injection (e.g., Depo‑Testosterone) Long‑acting therapy Injected into gluteal or deltoid muscle every 2–4 weeks
Transdermal gel (e.g., Xyosted) Daily replacement Applied to skin of shoulders, upper arms, or abdomen once daily
Nasal spray Rapid onset Sprayed into nostrils twice daily
Oral capsules Limited use due to liver metabolism Taken orally with food; requires monitoring for hepatotoxicity
Dosage is individualized based on serum testosterone targets (often 300–1000 ng/dL), clinical response, and tolerability.
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How should I store testosterone?
Injectables: Keep refrigerated at 2–8
